Semen Analysis Test: Sperm Count Test & When it is Done

What is Semen Analysis?

Semen analysis is a vital diagnostic test that is prevalent nowadays among men. It is a crucial tool for couples struggling with fertility problems, as when male factor infertility comes out as a significant cause of infertility in male. Semen analysis also helps identify the issues such as low sperm count, poor sperm motility, and abnormal morphology that can affect a woman's ability to conceive from her partner.

It is a simple diagnostic process that checks the quality and quantity of sperm in a man's healthy semen. The whole process is done to assess male fertility and is usually recommended for couples who are having difficulty getting pregnant.

During the semen test, a sample of semen is collected and checked in a lab. The lab technician will examine the sample for various factors such as sperm count, normal sperm motility, and morphology. A low sperm count, poor motility, or abnormal morphology can impact a man's ability to conceive. The test is non-invasive, straightforward, and the results can help identify any underlying issues that may require treatment to improve male fertility.

Here's the complete step-by-step overview of how the sperm count test is performed:

1.Collection of Semen Sample: The first step in semen analysis is collecting a sample of semen. The sample can be collected at home or in the clinic. It's essential to avoid ejaculation for at least 2-3 days before the test for accurate results.

2.Preparation of Sample: Once the semen sample is collected, it is brought to the laboratory and allowed to liquefy for 20-30 minutes. The lab technician then performs the semen wash and prepares a small amount of semen on a microscope slide.

3.Examination of Semen: The lab technician examines the semen sample under a microscope to evaluate its quality and quantity. They will assess sperm count, motility, and morphology.

4.Analysis of Results: Once the sperm test is complete, the lab technician will provide a report with the results. The report will detail the semen parameters, and the doctor will interpret the results to determine any underlying fertility issues.

The sperm analysis procedure is quick and painless, and it provides valuable information about male fertility.

What is the normal sperm count to get pregnant?

A sperm count of 15 million per milliliter is considered average, with a 50-50 chance of getting pregnant. However, if the sperm are healthy, a count of 20 million per milliliter might be sufficient for a successful pregnancy.

Why is Semen Analysis important?

Semen analysis is an essential diagnostic tool for couples experiencing fertility problems; in short, a test for assessing male fertility. Infertility factors account for roughly 30-40% of all cases, and semen analysis is often the first step in determining the cause of infertility. Once the underlying cause of infertility is identified, the appropriate treatment plan can be initiated. It can also help diagnose any underlying medical conditions that may be affecting male fertility. This tool is designed to improve sperm quality and quantity in men. Previous studies have shown that undergoing a semen analysis test can aid in identifying underlying issues that may affect a man's fertility. Therefore, there is no harm in taking this test.

What to expect during Semen Analysis

The procedure is very straightforward and not painful that typically takes place in a laboratory setting or a clinic with available facilities. You will be given a sterile container to collect a semen sample either at home or at the laboratory. It is essential to avoid ejaculating for 2-5 days before the test to ensure accurate results. It won't increase or decrease sperm production; rather will help you understand your sperm motility, & normal sperm count.

Once you've provided the sample, it will be examined under a microscope to evaluate the following parameters:

Sperm count: The number of sperm are measured that are present in the semen sample collected. A healthy sperm count is typically considered to be 15 million plus number sperm per millilitre of semen.
Motility: Sperms that are moving are considered and measured in percentage form. A healthy sperm typically has a motility rate of 40% or higher.
Morphology: This evaluates the shape and size of sperm. Abnormal morphology may indicate fertility problems as it is unable to fertilise the egg.
Volume: This measures the amount of semen produced during ejaculation.
pH: Semen acidity is measured by this process.

Following the initial semen analysis, further tests may be suggested to determine the root cause of fertility problems, including genetic disorders or hormonal imbalances.

Based on the results of the sperm count test, doctors can suggest appropriate treatment options, which may include surgery, lifestyle changes, or medications. Identifying the underlying cause of infertility is crucial for effective treatment and improving the chances of conceiving. Based on the patient's unique medical history, treatment options will be provided by the health providers.

In a nutshell, semen analysis is a vital diagnostic tool for couples experiencing fertility problems. The test measures various parameters of semen to evaluate the quality and quantity of sperm, which can impact a male's reproductive potential.