Indira IVF Fertility Center - Karnal

Two types of IVF exist:

• Classic IVF simply involves placing the eggs collected in the presence of the previously treated sperm sample in a specific nutrient medium. Fertilization takes place according to the natural process but outside the body.
• IVF with ICSI (also called intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection) involves injecting a single sperm inside the egg. Thus the ovum and the spermatozoon will have to undergo a treatment beforehand.

The different stages of in vitro fertilization:

1. Ovarian stimulation:
   The eggs develop inside the ovary, in the follicles. In the natural menstrual cycle, several follicles compete from the start of menstruation. Only one or two of these follicles will mature about 2 weeks later and will be released during follicular rupture (ovulation). The follicles that have not reached maturity stop growing and degenerate. Thus, very few eggs reach the final stage of ovulation in a woman's life.
   The goal of IVF ovarian stimulation is to prevent degeneration of these follicles by exposing them to a sufficient dose of FSH. By administering FSH as an injection, higher circulating levels in the blood are obtained which promote the development of multiple follicles and the maturation of several ova simultaneously. This increase in follicular recruitment, also known as controlled ovarian hyperstimulation, improves the chances of IVF success by increasing the number of embryos available. To get in-depth knowledge about ovarian stimulation personally, visit the best IVF centre in Karnal.
2. Ovulation triggering and puncture programming
   When the follicles have reached the desired size and the estrogen levels are sufficient, the final phase of maturation of the eggs is induced by an injection of chorionic gonadotrophic hormone or hCG or GnRH agonist.
   Some properties of the hormone hCG are close to that of LH. Therefore, it is used in in vitro fertilization for the final maturation of the follicles. Now a days, GnRH agonist is also used for the same purpose.
3. Follicular puncture or egg retrieval
   WThe follicular puncture, which collects eggs, is scheduled about 35 hours after the injection.
   The morning of the sample collection, an intravenous catheter will be put in place by the nurse to administer a relaxant and an analgesic medication.
   After performing local anesthesia of the vaginal or paracervical wall, an ultrasound probe (or endovaginal probe) fitted with a guide is introduced into the vagina and the follicles are visualized. A fine needle is introduced through the guide of the vaginal wall and then towards the ovary.
   The follicles are punctured one by one. The follicular fluid containing the egg is aspirated and collected in a tube. The intervention is short-lived (15-20 minutes).
   The tubes containing follicular fluid are immediately sent to the laboratory where the embryologist determines the number of eggs collected.
   After ovarian stimulation, an average of 8 to 10 eggs is recovered. The couple can return home after 1 to 2 hours of observation.
   Slight bleeding (spotting) from the vaginal wall may occur. Do not worry. Talk to your nurse if the bleeding persists or is more profuse. In no case you should suspend your medication. To know more about the same, consult Indira IVF’s Karnal centre, the best IVF centre in Karnal.
4. Sperm collection and preparation
   On the day of the egg retrieval, the spouse collects a sperm sample by masturbation, which will be used for fertilization.
   The sperm could also have been previously cryopreserved.
   Whatever its origin, sperm is analyzed and prepared in the same way. The seminal fluid which limits the fertilizing power of the sperm is eliminated and the most mobile spermatozoa are selected.
   It is also possible to surgically collect sperm from the testicle or epididymis, shared one of the best IVF doctor in Karnal..
5. Fertilization or insemination of eggs
   Depending on the type of infertility, fertilization is left to chance (classic IVF) or on the contrary directed (IVF with ICSI).
   1. Classical fertilizationThree to four hours after the puncture, 50 to 100,000 mobile sperm are brought into contact with the eggs in a nutritious medium. Contact between sperm and eggs takes about 20 hours.
   2. ICSI or micro-injection (IVF with ICSI)
      his technique is used when the male partner has reduced fertility, that is to say when the semen contains too few sperm capable of fertilizing the eggs in conventional IVF.
      At first, approximately 2 to 3 hours after the puncture, the ova are "stripped", that is to say are made free of the various cell layers which surround them using enzymes and fine pipettes.
      The maturity of the ova is checked under the microscope by the embryologist and only mature and normal-looking ova can be injected.
      At the start of the afternoon, the micro-injection process is carried out: a “normal” sperm is immobilized and then aspirated into a micropipette. It is then injected into the cytoplasm of the ovum. The pipette perforates the ovum and deposits the sperm in the center of the latter.
      Only one sperm is needed per ovum. The operation is repeated as many times as there are mature eggs available.
      Although delicate, ICSI is an effective technique. In fact, about 80% of the eggs obtained by hormonal stimulation are mature and can be injected.
      The different stages of this technique can lead to the loss of around 10% of mature eggs. On average more than 70% of the ova which survive the injection, divide and give rise to embryos which can be implanted in the uterus, stated one of the best IVF doctor in Karnal..
6. Development and embryo transfer
   Once inseminated or injected, the eggs are placed in an incubator where the conditions existing in the tubes are reproduced. The day after the puncture, the eggs are observed under a microscope to determine which ones have been fertilized. A second evaluation takes place two days after the puncture, during which the exact number and quality of the embryos can be established. At this stage, the embryo has already started its divisions; it is made up of 2 to 4 cells.
   Three to six days after the eggs are collected; the embryo is transferred to the uterus. On the 2nd day, the embryos are divided into 2 to 4 cells, on the 3rd day; they reach the 6 to 8 celled stage. On the 5th or 6th day, they are in the blastocyst stage.
   Transfer is a painless process, but it can be uncomfortable because it requires a full bladder. This intervention is performed under abdominal ultrasound in order to clearly visualize the place where your embryo will be transferred.
   The embryo is placed in a thin flexible catheter and placed in the uterine cavity. A single embryo will most often be transferred, in order to reduce the risk of multiple pregnancies and consequently of complications, shared one of the expert doctors from Indira IVF, the best IVF clinic and hospital in Karnal.
7. The Pregnancy Test
   About 15 days after the Embryo transfer, a pregnancy test carried out by means of a blood test will allow the outcome of the treatment to be known.
   1. If the test is positive
      If the test is positive, a new blood test will be requested about 2 days later to make sure the pregnancy hormone level is progressing well. Also, an ultrasound will be scheduled about 4 weeks after the transfer to check the progress of the pregnancy.
   2. If the test is negative
      A subsequent consultation with a gynecologist at the center will be scheduled in order to discuss the probable causes of the failure and to consider the consequences of your treatment: transfer of frozen embryos, new attempt, new scheme, etc.